building

we need to make buildings better and transform the building sector into a central part of the solution to the climate change crisis.

insulation

building insulation drastically reduces cooling demand.

the most important factor for efficient cooling is building insulation, says Wolfgang Hasper of the Passive House Institute in Darmstadt. If buildings have good facade and roof insulation, windows triple glazing, good shading, and intelligent ventilation then the heat from outside does not get in.

transportation and building are large contributors of ghg emissions. anthropogenic U.S. ghg emissions. fossil fuel energy consumption.

achieving a carbon-neutral build environment with architecture and Edward Mazria. architecture2030.org

a resource for the design of zero-carbon, adaptable and resilient built environments worldwide. 2030palette.org/building

consider a structure's shape and orientation on a site, 
add cool roofs that reflect more sunlight and absorb less heat. 
solar reflectance (SR) of > 0.7 and thermal emittance (TE) of > 0.75.

green building

LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design is a green building rating system. sustainability, planning. The roles of codes, standards and policy in decarbonization, grid modernization and resilience efforts.

US green building council usgbc.org LEED for Cities.

San Diego green building council sd-gbc.org

natural ventilation, thermal mass, shading elements

Kere Architecture / work /building / Lycee Schorge

Kere Foundation / practices / architecture

building design / passive design strategies / passive heating thermal mass

heat pumps

heat pumps work by absorbing a small amount of heat from the outdoors into a refrigerant, the fluid that circulates within the device. A compressor then pressurises the refrigerant, increasing the temperature, and heat is subsequently passed on into the house.

a heat pump might get 3 kWh of heat for each kWh of electricity it consumes. kilowatt hours. This ratio is called the coefficient of performance, COP, the higher the better.